Commonly Used Docker Commands
Here I’ll record frequently used Docker commands for future reference
Docker
# For logging into custom sources, add domain registry address
docker login [x.xxx.com]
# View Docker version, status, proxy information, etc.
docker info
# Check Docker service status on Linux
service docker status
# Start Docker service on Linux
service docker start
# View all containers (including those not running)
docker ps -a
# Delete all containers
docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)
# Create a container, -P means Docker randomly maps a port to the internal container's open port, -p 8888:80 means specify port mapping to container port 80
docker run -p 8888:80 -d --name "hellonginx" nginx:latest
# Enter Docker container bash
docker exec -it containerId bash
# Stop container
docker stop containerId
# Delete container
docker rm contaierId
# View all images
docker images
# Delete all images
docker rmi -f $(docker images -aq)
# Create image, can specify output location with -o, note that multiple tags can be specified, such as -t t1 -t t2
docker build -t toolkit:v1 .
# Push image, supports including repository address, such as private source address
docker push toolkit:v1
# View logs, useful when container doesn't start normally
docker logs containerId --timestamps
# Output image file as tar package, image ID, image name/TAG all work
docker save <imageId> -o <filename>.tar
# Update container restart policy
docker update --restart=always my-container
docker-compose
Official website: https://docs.docker.com/compose/reference/
# Start orchestration service, (default: docker-compose.yml), note if -f is set, it must be at the beginning, don't change parameter order
docker-compose -f marvel-docker-compose.yml up -d
# Recreate containers --force-recreate
docker-compose up -d --force-recreate [service]
Common Issues Explained
-p parameter
Write the port mapping completely, such as -p 8888:80, don’t use abbreviated form
Port format is host port:container port or HOST:CONTAINER
For port configuration of each container in docker-compose, follow the same format
build supports URL
Sometimes when building images for private repositories, you need to add the URL for build and push, like docker build github.com/creack/docker-firefox
Stop and delete target container
docker ps -q --filter "name=hellonginx" | grep -q . && docker stop hellonginx && docker rm -fv hellonginx
Error: Permission denied
For example, if you get permission issues when reading after starting nginx with Docker, it’s because the Docker mounted disk doesn’t have sufficient permissions. The solution is:
chmod -R 777 volume/
Why does this permission issue occur? Because when Docker runs, the system user for external access is Docker, not root, so there’s a possibility of insufficient permissions. You can check the permission situation of the corresponding disk directory.
Accessing host services from inside the container
You can’t directly access 127.0.0.1; you need to configure the network for normal access
docker-compose
Configure as follows, and use host.docker.internal instead of local IP address for access
extra_hosts:
- "host.docker.internal:host-gateway"
.dockerignore/Copy blacklist
If you don’t want to copy files into the image, you can solve this by configuring a blacklist through .dockerignore
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/builder/#dockerignore-file
Conclusion
The above commands may change or become invalid; always refer to the official CLI as the definitive resource, click here
